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[Music] you [Music] so before we start on troubleshooting let me just give the Machine a warm up here I'm gonna pass this around this is now this is not a commercial grade you know fluke multimeter super expensive oh my god I'm a pro this is sort of like I want a multimeter with a clamp-on ammeter you know light use right my technicians don't have this they're geeking out and they're going with more expensive models because they're doing it that's their trade it's their livelihood right but in terms for a boater someone that is using a multimeter for light use this multimeter with a clamp on right so you don't even have to disconnect a circuit to see what the apps going through the circuits are going or doing you can just literally clamp on it you can literally see is my win lists drawing too much power as my inverter drawing too much what's my fridge doing is it it's my fridge on is it drawing any power I think I can't hear the compressor but is it drawing any power you can literally put that around a single conductor right the positive or the negative and you will actually be able to see if a device is drawing power or you might be curious which I encourage everyone to be curious is good you might be saying I actually want to know what my loads are drawing on my boat I don't know like how much is my fridge draw right how much does something draw you're just you want to know you don't have a battery bank monitor and you don't know what the amps are and you're kind of curious like how much does your anchor light draw you'd be shocked if you don't have an LED one it is like oh my god you could lose on a sailboat running that anchor light no joke a third of your battery you're 1/3 to 1/4 of your battery usage in a day could be your anchor like that's crazy just in context that's crazy like your fridge is 60% some my anchor light on my Catalina was over almost close to 2 amps 2 amps for 10 hours that's 20 amp hours my fridge is 60 a third of my daily a power consumption on my boat for my fridge was my anchor light I changed it to LED it literally is a factor of 111th the anchor light could stay I mean I don't feel it I mean and now it's point it's nothing it's a joke so my anchor light on my boat is on all the time well you come in in Anchorage and you see no anchor light there I don't think it's because people forget to turn in anchor light probably 50% of boats don't have anchor lights at least 60 70 % and all of these people don't know what an anchor light is I'm gonna assume that they know but let's see why would they not turn it on I think they're making a decision they're like you know what I can't afford to turn it on I can't so I'm just hoping that someone's gonna see me at night and I figured that nobody comes in in Anchorage at night but this would tell you if you have a problem you could measure it quantify it and say you know what I think next time I'm gonna have a rigger or someone go up the mast I'm gonna change my anchor light to an LED version right and I'm gonna say same literally gonna draw down my power consumption by a factor of 90 percent down that's substantial so I'm gonna pass this around and that's the one I would recommend you ball yeah you want to make sure it's a navigation LED bulb but yes like not all anchor lights not all bulbs are the same but yes you can buy navigation anchor light LED bulbs right yeah go ahead Oh anything doesn't matter every you know this whole thing I didn't understand like that's the one thing about engineering is that it took the mystery of the universe less mysterious because I remember growing up I was like why is it that people complain to living under power lines and they're like oh you know it's dangerous magnetic field I'm like yeah the lines are so far up like what does it matter well the amps are so great even though it's high voltage that every wire has magnetic flux going through it there's a magnetic field that comes through a wire a way to offset that is actually twisting the wire that's why some wires are twisted twisted pair to offset that magnetic flux but wires and cables are so straight and so every wire has actually a magnetic flux that goes through it and the orientation of that field like this or like this will tell the direction of if the current is a pull or a draw a puller or charge I mean so you can actually tell our my battery is being charged or discharged they will actually give you polarity on the current not just the amount of current going through but actually am I getting a charge or am I getting a discharge so I mean that device is I'm not sure online I can't remember a hundred and eighty-nine u.s. or Canadian one hundred and eighty nine dollars Canadian I don't know if someone says hired a pro to work on their boat but the labor rates are will make that device pay itself pretty quickly and most of the so-called experts that work self-proclaim experts that work on your boat won't have one because again they're fortunate they're infused with knowledge and generally their advice when something's broken is replace it right they don't diagnose they don't isolate a problem it's too hard right and their advice I hear it all the time someone told me my GPS my char plotters or my GPS has failed it's time to replace the char power I'm like you mean your radar your sounder your chart plotter all those multiple of thousands of dollars you're gonna replace because your external GPS antenna that's an internal battery has failed we're gonna just throw it all away well that's what my advice was I was told I'm like okay well you could do that or we could simply replace the external GPS and everything's still gonna work so that's what you do with stuff like that right you isolate a problem and then you decide as a boat owner you say okay do I want to spend more money than I need to because I want to have a new navigation system or am I just gonna do what I need to do to repair what's broken all right so we're gonna get started about troubleshooting theory okay troubleshooting is the endgame in life in terms of technical skills that's it you could be an amazing installer an incredible electrician in terms of doing something you could be a god the fastest you understand but when it comes to troubleshooting it's a completely different approach I have technicians who are really great at installing that might not be so good at troubleshooting and I have people that are terrible at installing they don't have good hand coordination they're not good but they're great at troubleshooting because troubleshooting is a conceptual thing it's a it's about understanding how things work you don't need to be a doer to troubleshoot you need to be someone that understands how things work once you understand that you can actually provide direction to yourself or to others to resolve a problem but it all comes down to understanding how something works ok so just going at it is not going to help you have to understand how something works to be actually effective at troubleshooting first point is UPS of course with troubleshooting and I mention that a little bit earlier generally the problem is going to be on the interconnections between devices on your boat that failed right something powering the device something feeding the device generally it can happen the device might have failed but your first time should be it's probably not getting what it needs to work right that should be your first hunch so that means start working through the circuit next is what are the typical problems on boats right you don't have power to device that's really pom popular and that's or common and that's what we talked about electrical a little bit this morning because that's an essential skill to know are you am I getting some sort of voltage at that device so it can actually work the other one which is a really good point is battery voltage is too low remember what I talked about earlier I said is everything working when you're on shore power you have your battery charger connected and it's powered and everything works if it works at thirteen point three thirteen point five volts if your boat voltage is about twelve then that means that oh okay good so it's probably a connection issue that means that there's so much resistance down the line that when your battery voltage gets to twelve the appliance voltage is maybe ten point five nine point five so battery voltage is don't ever assume that what's that the battery is that of the appliance far from it you could lose one volt when I've seen one volt 2 volts 3 volts and it could get worse and worse I had saw once a fridge on a boat that had sunk where the boater had been giving wrong information that a boat that sink wasn't a really big deal and he was told to that he could easily repair it by just changing the panel and that's the only thing he had to do was worry about changing the connectors of the panel now that was some seriously bad advice that's an understatement and we came on board this is after someone had just changed the panel and the fridge would never work but there was 12 volt at the fridge if you disconnected the wire 12 volt at the fridge under no-load as soon as you apply a load if you were able to put your multimeters on the wiring under load meaning when the fridge would turn on the volts would drop the two the connection was so corroded that as soon as a small load like a fridge doesn't draw a lot it's 5 amps 3 amps 4 amps as soon as that 4 amp load would be applied the voltage were dropped all the way down to 2 volts the connections that the fridge had never been redone the boat had sunk the fridge had been replaced but the connections of the fridge had never been redone and they were corroded the boat had sunk in salt water corrosion on the terminal or the connector right a broken wire can happen but in my experience and it's extremely rare wires don't break other than if a fuse blows or if a terminal gets undone you know those god-awful Spade connectors that you we see on our boats that some builder thought was a really good idea because it takes too long to undo a nut and to put a ring connector on right you see that on a lot of panels like they'll actually have push on Spade connectors right they're not a fork they're not a ring you likely push them on and you can pull them out starters are like that believe it or not I have that on my boat hotham sound harmony islands 2006 inaugural trip I'm on the boat I'm systems engineer I have an electrical engineer and I have another electrical engineer we hang around together of course didn't understand what the hell was going on fresh out of school right I know nothing school doesn't teach you much other than maybe you can figure it out later and our starter wouldn't start whether the issue was the Spade connector on the starter solar no was loose as soon as you'd actually apply the starter button there's a little bit of load to run the solenoid the voltage would drop and the starter would barely click but not enough to be engaged to let the current go through the solenoid to actually the starter I didn't understand that didn't have a clue nobody could figure it out well we certainly couldn't I don't know what the hell I was doing but that was because of a Spade connector right same thing on the back of the panel those little connectors can actually come off or what happens is over time they they're not as friction right they're actually they've opened up and you put them in there they're loose and they vibrate off right because your boat doesn't live in a garage where there's no vibration it's in the water sometimes the waves you're actually dropping off a face of a wave all right there's forces there right so don't worry so much about a broken wire it can happen but it's extremely extremely rare it's generally a connection issue that that you're gonna find safe wire is definitely a problem also a little bit rare it's sort of another break it does happen does happen if you're going offshore shafe is a real problem because your boats moving 24/7 everyday all the time there's no such thing as being a tanker like there's not a lot of anchors in British Columbia like you go anywhere else 360 Anchorage's don't exist right I mean we were in bomb-proof Anchorage's everywhere here you go in the Caribbean there's no bomb-proof Anchorage's like we have here there's very few right and so at night you're constantly moving and as you're moving if the wires are not proper tied down their chafing right and that rubbing eventually could cause a short and that I have to say is a blown fuse or breaker it's got to be top of your list remember back when I said the beginning you got to know where your fuses are well that's essential because if you're looking for a fuse or you decide that you're gonna put your fuses in your boat sporadically everywhere throughout the boat as you see fit you're not gonna put them at the beginning of this circuit or at the end of the circuit because you might have a fuse for the wire and then have a fuse for the appliance like on my boat I've decided that I'm gonna fuse all my appliances with one fuse at the beginning of the circuit that is both there to protect the wire and the appliance all my fuses are at the start of the circuit even though the appliance is far away I'm fusing everything at the beginning of the circuit you could put a fuse for the wire at the beginning and then a fuse for the appliance but then you've got two fuses in their circuits and I'm not putting them randomly we talked about that yesterday I'm putting the fuses at the beginning of the circuit and it's not a choice it's a half - okay black and white and you can't absolutely use your meter to test an entire circuit in sequence right and you would do that to continuty or volts you just chase it down is there volts here volts there volts there are no volts why what happened between here and there okay so this is a typical enemy a zero one a three Network I call it old English I call it Latin it's the way that things used to communicate with one another for electronics okay definitely still out there 1983 so when it was started nothing came out that we took a while like May 2000 didn't come out in 2000 k much much later but that's when it's got start spearheaded the challenge with this type of topology and by the way pretty much every single one of you have that on your boat if you don't know you do you do devices all have enemy is there 183 very few have enemy in 2000 only and all older devices prior to probably 2007-2008 are gonna be 0 183 only or C talk which is a proprietary bus network that's owned by Reimer ena the challenge with this type of topology when you're trying to troubleshoot and we're going to talk a little bit about that your troubleshooting systems is that this system is sort of like human communication there's a talker and there's a listener and the talker and the listener are on separate so when I talk to someone they listen and when they talk right it's on a different Channel so it's not a single channel communication you'll have one wire where I talk they receive another wire where they talk and then I receive so a talker listener okay sender receiver everything is about who's doing the talking and who's doing the listening and then it gets more complicated I can talk to many people in a room but not many in the room can talk to me at the same time right because there would be too much noise so then you have to start making decisions I am for example a multifunctional display or a GPS I will send my GPS information to multiple places that want to listen to it chartplotter maybe a radar a VHF right but then the VHF might only communicate on one port to the chartplotter on autopilot might be sent and receive only for routing information it might receive GPS information for route and it might send its heading to two places and might send it to the radar and it might send it to the tar plotter so you have to constantly and what I would say when we do with enemies there 183 and there's a reason why they went to 2,000 if I'm losing you it's because it gets intense and this is a simple Network like we do some networks that have 20 devices 30 devices and this is where you got to draw it out bravado has no place with electronics if you think you're smarter than everyone else and you're just gonna do it congratulations your life will be definitely more complicated and it needs to be I would say if you have anything enemy a what you want to do is you want to remember that everything is contacts driven and especially we get this all the time because most of our VHF Sarn on enemy a mm but they want to receive an enemy 0 1 a3 signal for GPS position right because otherwise that DFC functionality is not going to work but if you're actually interconnecting the wires on the wrong position you're having a talker talk to a talker and a receiver to a receiver nothing is going to go through right that's why enemy's n1 a3 has its limitations and why enemy 2,000 which is a bus topology is much better here's I'm not trying to scare you but this is where it gets interesting is now this is what it gets to on the bigger boats you know on those trawlers on those big boats that had older technology that we're trying to integrate everything these are all these sort of devices you know to gps's are going to one device then you got multiplexers then you might even have sometimes what you're gonna have to happen is you're gonna we talked about it there's so much information coming I need to start prioritizing information from one place over another place then you literally have to go into a laptop and say I don't want these sentences to go through I know you've got all this information but I don't care I want you to block 99 of them and I only want you to let one through so you're actually starting block info you're letting it through so folks that have maybe this starts happening around 50 footer 50 55 60 70 80 footer at that range you're starting to have a network like that and then that way where it's not easy because there's a lot of pieces in the puzzle that are actually trying to make it all work and that all happens at enemies there 183 so if you're troubleshooting in enemies in 183 just remember to go very slowly look at the color codes and remember when someone says I'm a talker and receiver the other one you don't connect talker to talker and receiver to receiver a talker talks to receiver right and the talker here talks to receiver down below everything is context driven I see this all the time people are connecting talker to doctor receiver to receiver and nothing goes through and this most simplest simplest example would be VHF radios right that's the normal way that people interconnect their VHF radios for GPS is over enemy 1 0 183 if you're lucky and have to have an amias nmea 2000 Network then it makes your life much easier because it's a bus topology you don't have to worry about any of that any questions before I leave any a 0 183 on a boat yeah that's another good question how would you see so you've done the work and and you want to figure out a lot of MFDs will actually have you'll go into a port you'll go and start going the menu so now you're going you're putting your hat on you're like we're going deep they'll go through a menu you're gonna go Communications enemies there 183 and you're gonna go buffer or something you're gonna have some sort of seal and they're gonna a stream of consciousness Meijin remember the matrix that's what it is and it's going to start showing you all these lines and then you can start it and stop it because it's constantly going like just start filling up the buffer start stop and then you go through the lines and you can start seeing all the sentences that are Rafi received which don't make any sense you they're not saying like depth depth receive is 48.4 no it's a little bit more cryptic than that and then you go through and you're like oh yeah I'm looking for for example we're troubleshooting an auto pilot we're saying is the autopilot sending heading we're losing heading on the chart plotter so we go into the buffer on this chart plotter and we're looking and we're seeing where's the heading sentence I'm not seeing it and sometimes what happens this is overcrowded there's too much information happening on a multiplexer there's so much information coming in it's getting lost and then so when you do is the process of elimination let's remove all variables let's turn everything off let's just have autopilot only talking to chart plotter oh then it starts slowing down you're like okay it's there as soon as we turn one thing okay that's fine you turn another and it's we're losing turn and that fourth one then it starts to be sporadic you're like Oh overloading of information on that bus and that's where then you go can we increase the bus speed oh yeah if we're not using a is it's only forty eight hundred we could go to thirty-eight hundred thirty-eight thousand four hundred let's increase the bus speed go faster now does it work yeah higher throughput no problem so you do the Diagnostics on your probably multifunctional display you're never going to be able to do that on an op eyelet or an instrument or if you totally geek out then you would have a device like this and some of them will actually have a USB port and you can then go with software and then you're talking like full geek you're looking at the sentences and everything else and now that's not probably for the light of heart you know that the rule is and honestly I'm the same like I'm good up to a certain level but I've got a few guys on my team that are way better than I am and everything has a pay grade right like I I'm a concept guy but I'm not out in the field like some of my technicians some some of them every time it gets really really really intense I'm like congratulations you're paid to think all right I'm considering you my little Navy SEAL right you're making the big bucks so I'm putting you drop dropping you right in there and you're gonna figure it out and then they ask me how much time you give me I'm like we've got to go ahead four hours eight hours whatever you go in there and start scratching your head and if you want to put up a chat channel we'll put up multiple people you want someone else let us know and then everyone at one points get to a top level and I get to a top level too and sometimes my technicians it gets well one of them maybe not but most of them get to top level and like okay who can we talk to ask a friend ask an engineer ask a colleague in another business right then you start relying on other people your the point is with troubleshooting you're always gonna find a limit to your own skill set and then you start bringing in experts right so those are sort of the limitations of enemies and zero one eighty three and as we started all of us adding more and more and more electronic devices on our boats right because remember before it was like you had a depth sounder maybe a VHF and then okay you went crazy you had to win instrument okay then it got really crazy you decided to add a GPS right but then it just started going past that right it was like then it's like a GPS and then I want a is then I'm having like multiple sensors then I'm like for example here you've got some of those modules we're doing engine integration and enemy is there 183 right now I'm one information it just it just went full crazy and so it wasn't enough and so then what they did they invented this now this is a Garmin view of an enemy a two thousand backbone but doesn't matter we're gonna talk about Garmin for uno everyone plays nice an enemy 2000 so what you have here are T's okay by the way this was not invented by the marine industry this was actually invented by Bosch this is used in robotics and they simply adapted this technology to go on boats okay it's a control network can you have one single backbone that backbone has a maximum length but for most of us it's not going to be a challenge on a big big boat like a hundred footer then it starts being a challenge as you've got to go multiple levels up on a boat but on a normal boat like a 50 60 20 30 40 unless you get this super nice super yacht but like I'm big big boat you're not gonna have a big challenge with this backbone length the in seneschal key and again remember this is something people ask me this all the time now because we've got people I've got people calling me and I'm troubleshooting problems from everywhere now like not even in the continent and they're like Jeff I would like you to be here but how do I go about finding someone locally and I always think about how I do and I find someone myself I'm like first thing is you never ask someone a simple question where they're gonna know the answer and then tell you what you want to hear because everyone in general there might not be as honest or forthcoming about their troubleshooting skills because they simply want the work so it's not good enough to say to someone oh do you know any me mm how many people are gonna say no the good people are gonna say no if they don't know but there's a subset of people that will say yes and they don't know and so what you want to do is you want to suss out are they really qualified or they pretending to be qualified and why I bring that up is this is pretty straightforward to install an enemy mm backbone but I cannot tell you how many enemy mm backbones I've seen installed by so called people that know that is wrong it's crazy right because people are just amateurs and they just trying it and they don't educate themselves like my technicians myself I went through an enemy 2000 certification right sort of what you're doing I'm also curious I'm like okay show me how it works I want to know so the essential thing and this is not going to be the case on many of your boats a lot of people thinks these are endcaps these are called you see here it's hard to see female resister male resister these are absolutely essential and there can only be two on a lot of boats what they're doing is they don't understand that there's a backbone of a thing or these are just plugs plug it and what they're doing is they're not having a backbone to the boat they're actually having branches and everything else and it's not one continuous backbone it actually they have Spurs and it goes everywhere and they don't understand that you need only one resistor at the end and another resistor at the end of the backbone so that's a big problem with enemies they're on a zero mm is that the person installing it doesn't draw it out right because if you draw it out you see right away that there's a problem or even if the Installer didn't know you'd look at it you're like it looks like nothing I've ever seen before and like well that looks wrong and then you know enough to say well maybe I should call someone who might know more than whoever did my system oh you do absolutely absolutely you do absolutely there is voltage drop ish and that's why there's a maximum number of nodes and that is why the power cable should be in the middle if the backbone is so big what you'll end up having is multiple power supplies that are actually isolated from one another on big boats like I've done boats that have three decks you know we're doing a whole boat digitizing everything like these are massive projects thousands and thousands of hours we'll have multiple power supplies like that where the power supplies are actually completely separate they're not overlapping on one another like one does you know port one does star Burt and then it will have even separate networks and then you start bridging them that gets in the stupid realm again anything's possible remember but we're going to keep it vanilla simple right let's keep it simple so what you would do on a normal boat is if you're installing a backbone and you're going from you know first deck started from the engine room you go down go up into the fly bridge the pilot house maybe go to the fly bridge go up to their arch right you're probably gonna want to install this power supply Midway so maybe you put it in for example in the pilot house right it's kind of halfway on the circuit but again you've got to draw it out so you see how drawing it out makes it easy because you'll see right away if you don't think you have a problem then just show it to someone right and I've got people that do that all the time with design we do this stuff design remotely people like Jeff I've got an idea of an enemy mm backbone I'm doing can you guys provide consultation I just want you to tell me where I got it wrong ask questions and then they'll send me their diagram I'm like okay here there that this that like thank you and then they go and install an implement so you can actually have these backbone extension cable you can have them everywhere or what we end up doing too is will end up doing service loops because you can actually do what are called feel service ends so maybe you've got nothing in the engine room you need now but maybe one day you will will actually route the cable thinking okay well maybe they'll want a battery monitor sensor maybe they'll want a temperature sensor in the bilge maybe they'll want a fire alarm in the bilge and they want nmea 2000 to relay that information to the bridge so we'll put basically loops in places where we think we might need to cut the cable and install the T later on because the beauty of an enemy mm backbone is that you can actually interconnect all these different drops onto the backbone and that information goes any to any it's a bus when you're troubleshooting one of these networks besides actually figuring out that you actually have the right resistance and that your backbone is intact what you'll probably end up doing is actually turning everything off and then turning things one at a time right it's all about disconnect so you physically to turn them on you'll actually have to disconnect them and say okay I only have one device does it work I putting a second one does it work everything is about incremental change it's very hard to diagnose something if you're trying to do it all at once now there is actually merit Ron sells a diagnose device you can have a laptop with a software with an enemy a 2002 USB gateway so I've got three of my technicians that have that they'll go in but then you're starting to be like this tech right you're going in the network you're putting a T in you're diagnosing you're seeing the bus your not gonna be able to do that most of you right you're gonna take a more simple approach you're gonna be like well let's find a fault is there a faulty device on the network that's causing my bus to go down right and then you'll start doing it one at a time and then try to see if there's one that's miss misbehaving that's taking the whole network down but that's how you troubleshoot nmea 2000 Network any questions on enemy 2000 troubleshooting yeah go ahead correct yeah yeah there's a good point but it depends yeah that's a that's a great question you you'd have to balance both so it's both every one of those devices is known by what's called a Len like what the hell is a land a Len is an acronym for load equivalent number every Len is five milliamps they're only allowed to ever draw more than five amps a twenty Len which is one app from the backbone meaning if you have for example a intelligent transducer that has no other power coming from anywhere else this device can get power from the backbone only if it draws no more than one app a fuel sensor same thing now your chartplotter here is not drawing power from the backbone it's two big strong three four amps it's got its own power supply and effectively it's not drawing anything from the backbone your instrument here could be enemy 82,000 powered only or it could be enemy in 2000 connectivity and then power comes separately so it you have to think you're like Oh am i drawing anything what's the Len load on this Oh okay where is it what's the distance merit Ron makes an amazing app online where you can actually start dropping all of this and actually do what's called it configurator like you'll actually build your enemy 2000 online build it all out and then you can start figuring out if you're loading it too much these cables have maximum distances they're only good to 6 meters you can never have your backbone further away than 6 meter from any appliance so that's why the backbone has to snake throughout the boat right and then when you snake it you have to think okay what are the potential things that one day I'm going to want to bring to that backbone because the beauty of this is that think about right now on about your gauges on your fly bridge or wherever it is it could be on your sailboat they need there's multiple wires that are leaving the engines coming back to one or another help right the beauty of this is you decide that now you want you've run an Emmy mm backbone in your engine room you've brought it to a pilot house you brought in to fly bridge you brought it to your arch and now one day you have a GPS on your arch you're like you know what it'd be nice to have a weather station really nice now the only thing you have to do is install the weather station put a tee in the arch the cable is already there and suddenly the weather station information is going to appear on any device that chooses to display weather information it could be an instrument in the half cockpit it could be in a pilot house or it can be in the flybridge now the other could be true - what if you want to have a smoke detector and you don't want to run wires from your smoke detector because you can't hear the smoke detector because it's in your engine room and you want to have it on your flybridge well you would install an enamine mm smoke detector in your engine room plug it in and suddenly the device on your fly bridge would be able to see an alarm from a smoke detector without having to run a wire that's why it's called the bus it can carry a lot of info yes yeah 183 that's correct your the point is could one of these devices actually bring the whole network down yes it's possible yeah it's true extremely rare though extremely rare to be honest the challenge was zero on a three it's such a mine scratcher I think it's so involved most people can get it and I guy by the way it's great for me by the way like selfishly as a business owner I love zr1 83 I love it it's I mean it's great I get hours I mean it's awesome I can do it I try I failed I get it all the time okay sure send a Navy SEAL down no problem we'll do it no problem I love it the challenge is that the implementation of a zero 183 Network is extremely hard and by the way does not allow for any redundancy right on this network we don't show a GPS but I can actually go in and I can say GPS one is your primary GPS two is a secondary GPS three is a third and I can actually have five GPS as on the network all online and if I lose one the secondary picks up I can say you know what that's secondary on the arch that's a good one the third that's in the flybridge that's kind of for that we've got a little bit of occlusion and it's not great that one out actually have as my third so you can start having backups this takes people out of the equation I much rather deal with equipment failure than human involvement in a network sorry but we're mostly we're always the problem right I mean let's be honest yes no zero one eight three would be connected through and I do this all the time this is how you integrate old and you remember when I saying or you can have an old autopilot and you have a new complete system you do that through a converter and that converter sorry is something like this this is hard to see here because it's so white it's an enemy 2002 as an amazing 183 I put that device i buy that device in like boxes like crates and then it's going to connect to enemy 2000 yeah it will go to a team yeah yeah what the output of that is a drop and that drop connects to a team right yes question yeah so the question is why I'm trying I'm going to try to repeat the question just so everyone can hear it is if you've got an M use there 183 Network on your boat do you convert in multiple places and then bring it to a bus or do you just leave the network alone and then convert it in one location is that correct you'll most likely convert in one location unless your boat is so big that you have multiple locations of enemies there 183 oh yes absolutely what I do work on a boat not myself I mean our outfit I'm always looking to the future right and I know that I don't know what we're gonna do five years 10 years 15 years down the road so when I put a 10 mm backbone I put a 10 mm back belt and I basically strongly encourage someone to look into the future and make their life easy by not having to run another cable ever again from the engine room you imagine the cost savings if my job was if everything was Wireless on a boat my labor revenue would go down by a factor of probably 80 to 85% everything about a boat is how do I go from here to there it is crazy that takes so much effort right so much effort when you install an enemy mm backbone you're saying I'm gonna go through that pain once right and then every time I add a device unless your boat is super huge and you're getting to this crazy point where you have too many nodes but you won't you'll run it once and every time you just add a drop and then that information shows up and everywhere and by the way there is no limit like after that you just bridge networks and on the big boats we don't run one backbone cable we run two we'd actually go redundancy right like we're thinking that cable took us five days to run through the boat I'm not gonna run five days cable and say oh we have a break one day what can I do I'm like no I run everything twice like literally at the one time I'm like you're pulling two cables same thing with IP when we run Ethernet cables for IP cameras I don't say oh it's gonna take us like 12 hours to run from a wing station down to the engine room we're gonna run one cable and if it breaks well we'll just run another one I'm like Ethernet cable is free you run too and you have a backup there and sure enough one day cable fails you're like no problem there's a backup right there plug it in and works the engineers that are onboard those boats are like oh my god thank you I'm like you're welcome right redundancy any other questions on MA mm I'll get you just one second yeah so PGN is that perimeter group number I think is what it is something like that it's sort of like a unique identifier for enemy mm there's so much information like what's depth right so it has a PGM everything has sort of like a variable right what is that variable and he's right I mean the question is well maybe this outputs information but does this device able to see it yeah okay but honestly unless you're right off field and you're going super deep into really weird sensors a deaf PGN is gonna be pretty much shown by every instrument right like these are now called these marina instruments are sort of like unlike in the past you were thinking about a Raymarine you know that wind instrument that was an analog it only showed one thing now you buy a Garmin GM i-20 or you buy a Raymarine instrument that device can do multiple things it's a portal to your data network now it will not do all p.g ends and that's true if it gets too technical like for example we did a boat where we converted the whole boat to everything on the engines got converted to digital the owner wanted to know everything digitally because the upper helm didn't have enough information on the gauges it was kind of limited and so we did digitize the whole engines everything on the engine we digitized now knowing boost pressure or if your turbo temperature what it is that's not going to show up on a GM at 10 or GMI 20 right like if you on that engine we had 20 variables for the engine like we put sensors everywhere like the guy went let's get out together I'm like let's do it like I'm loving this right like god this is where I'm paid to be an engineer and I'm like this is amazing sure you're not going to see that on your Garmin chartplotter at one point the Garmin sharp line goes really like like I'd never even thought of that so then that's where you need sort of a proprietary screen like a marathon screen that goes I do everything for you and then you configure that on a merit Rahn screen right so there are limitations but for most of us and honestly that's 99% of us most of us are not going to encounter that problem most of us are doing pretty common things I'm always thinking about gosh and distribution like most of us are right in the middle there's people at the end I'm off the spectrum clearly like I geek out and I'm away three three standards of deviation off and I'm probably all by myself but most people are in the middle and most of the equipment will do what everyone wants to do if you can't then you have to spend more money on a more expensive screen from a you know someone like Mara Tron that basically I'll do everything for you question do you have a question in the back I have can you tell me what navigation system you have oh yeah they do that that's for the instrument that's only for the instruments no that's for yeah that's only that's only for instruments yeah your charger still standalone though yeah well though they're gonna be connected via any me mm thick there will be completely but there's standalone pieces I'll show you another device later on I'll show you a little bit what that looks like I'll bring that up yeah yeah rhe Marines awesome memory marine basically calls if everyone says Bravo they're like alpha everyone says up there like oh no up is actually she you should call it down there like it's like all about confusion I get this all the time people are like oh my god I have a Raymarine system on my boat and I'm thinking of upgrading my electronics I think I can only ever have Raymarine forever on my boat because my boat came from the factory from Raymarine and I've been led to believe that Raymarine is the only thing that will ever work on my boat how am i yeah I know they want to make it sticky but it's not that sticky like so of course when they Garmin the side plane eyes they're like oh it's called an amine mm oh we're not going to change the name and we're gonna call it MEA mm we marine on the other hand they're like oh no it's not enemy mm we're gonna call it sea talk ng C talk next generation it's actually enemy mm but they change the connectors they're like oh no no it wouldn't work then you buy a pig tail that goes early from enemy in 2002 see talkin G so it's all about creating confusion so that the people that do it themselves look at them they're like oh this is too hard I'm not going down that path I'm just gonna buy Raymarine always forever and then my life is gonna be easy but they do that to confuse the masses anybody who does electronics they're like yeah come on excuse Li that's the roadblock you're gonna have to try harder right it's not because you call something a different name that I'm like really gonna lose it I can translate all right so again sorry for the whitewash with the projector it looks awesome on a screen but this is an example of a marathon here and you can actually see you know we've got a temperature this is actually pretty cool like this is a depth sounder that actually calculates depth and we use this all the time on tons of boats as a redundant transducer that actually calculates depth inside the transducer and then it outputs depth literally on that cable so any device on the network that can read depth will get it so trawlers people that go up north or people that are going up to Queen Charlotte's and they're like I've got only one depth transducer I'm like okay maybe you have one let's install another one on a different frequency make it smart any device can see it it's not a you're not gonna see bottom imaging but you're gonna get it depth so I do that I just did that on a hundred footer like we put one in and we're like putting a second one it's $200 why not have two depth transducers depth is useful like it's right up there there's propulsion steering which is kind of one in the same there's a VHF radio and then there's depth sorta in that order is your top three things on your boat for safety so having an intelligent transducer you can do that with enemy mm they're not expensive it's not like a $5,000 line item $200 right put one in the boat the code is you see they're always showing back to that question where's the ma mm cable is it in the middle right most of the time it is assuming the network is balanced right you got a GPS antenna here remember I was talking about before the radar that doesn't radar really that doesn't work because there was no heading smart heading sensor that's this solid-state compass Merritt Ron does one Sam rod does one everybody does one Garmin makes two variations an expensive one not expensive one then you've got this another one this is the display that shows everything Merritt Ron has them now they're starting to become pretty competitive in their screen pricing you can buy some that are just instruments which is nice as well right and then this device that pretty much every one of my technicians have or if you have a laptop on your boat and you want to see all the information off your enemy mm backbone you're gonna get a USB to enemy a 2000 converter this is just a more stuff of basically this right simpler more and then it just gets more and more and more and more custom is a strong word it's tailored but you can build one in yourself like honestly most of us are gonna have a reasonable boat you could draw it even up to 30 40 50 feet you can draw this out by yourself you just run a snake around your boat and then you say what are the things in that boat that you're gonna want to connect to right it's not that complicated but again it's the back to the thing draw it out don't do anything without a plan and I just want to emphasize this how many great things in life have worked out without a plan they didn't make it to the moon by just trying there is a little bit of work that happened before that anything of significance a house a building anything starts with a concept like okay let's figure this out put it on paper and then share it with someone oh look I'm doing this what do you think are your missing if you do it on your boat and you're like oh I did it enemy mm backbone on my boat what do you think all the inputs gonna be a phenomenal you can't see it it's everywhere hidden well I think it's great I mean where do you what is someone what kind of feedback and you possibly have if you're doing something that can't be seen yeah you you can you depends if you have a point there where two wires were joined a male and female were joined because the cabling can comes in lengths if you have already a joined there you would undo the joint put a TN now in some situations you don't have you never thought you would have one there you can literally cut the cable and you would put what's called a field service terminal right like Ethernet cables I know we buy them at Future Shop or Best Buy and they have ends on the end right rj45 but you can actually cut a cable and put your own end on it same thing with this there are field service terminals that you can put for any me mm so you can retrofit things no it's got five strands five strands a shield a pair for power and a pair for comm communications okay by the way I could do an enemy 2000 presentation for a weekend like you want to geek out like that I could do I mean I'd love I'd love to do a university course you could spend a year just geeking out on every single topic it could be multi-day courses just on every single one but I don't think I'd have a large audience I'm really glad that you're here share my enthusiasm for this I'm surprised the room is this full to be honest alright any other questions on any of mm before we start looking at other things here okay all right I just want to talk because we're going to talk a little bit about navin then we're going to do a little bit of electrical for troubleshooting as well so we're gonna do about another about minutes of nav here's a high-level overview of the world today I want you to remember that any day in 2000 isn't really something that has a significant enough baud rate or ability to communicate large files if you're streaming video images cameras Sounders radars these are large that's a lot of data that will never be on an enemy a2000 backbone that is not enemy in 2000 is for small data like depth temperature wind speed a is little tidbits of information right not big so you look at this the blue line here on this example from Garmin is enemy mm meaning all these devices are sharing enemy mm information but it's low volume it's not a lot of data the baud rate is still within the land of the reasonable once you go to high amount of data you have to have now of course Garmin called it the Garmin marine network but ultimately it is literally Ethernet that's what it is like we have at home at the office the world runs on this all of this is Ethernet so that means a radar sounder your chart plotters other chart plotters all those devices that have high amount of data are going to be over a Ethernet network so on modern navigation systems when you're talking from one device through the other and this has been around since 2004 probably when two devices are talking and sharing data then I'm thinking Raymarine CSeries and where you would configure one as a master and the other one is slave they would be sharing radar imaging you know one one screen would have the radar and then that radar would be sent the image to the other screen that was done over Ethernet of course Ray Marina in ecology through net they have its own name but at the end of the day it's a Ethernet network right all the companies are giving them no names to make it complicated but it's Ethernet so you have two net now on a boat you have and realistically probably three you have Ethernet you have enemy 2004 those legacy pieces of equipment that you haven't changed gme 2000 there's enemies 0 183 and then you have proprietary networks like c talk which is another bus topology network there are a marine zone and you can go from c talk to enemy 2000 via converters so on my boat my instruments are all sea talk miry marine instruments and i'm converting all those instruments c talk to enemy 2000 via converter and that converter is not expensive it's about one hundred and fifty dollars hundred dollars and so i'm converting c talk information to enemy 2000 so it's sort of like languages there's all different sort of languages in the world you want translators right how do you connect all these different systems on your boat and again draw it out because if you have a if you have wind on sea talk and you're wondering why your chartplotter is not seeing wind anymore well where could it be is it because you don't have wind or is that you still have win on your sea talk network but their translator the device that converts sea talk to me in 2000 has failed it's not getting powered the fuse blew and got disconnected right so it's about drawing things out that's how you get to be a good troubleshooter you have to know how things are connected otherwise it's just magic just magic it's like well I don't know I just don't know and then you do what most people do which but I'm trying to train is you call someone delegate the responsibility and that's probably 40% of our businesses there's people are just on fire call it's like you don't know what you're doing tomorrow but there's gonna be a call tonight I know I'm gonna get a call and somewhere tomorrow you're gonna go solve a problem we don't know what the problem is but it's gonna happen and your job is to go solve a problem that nobody has called us yet for so break fix right service but you can make your life easier if you know what's on your boat and the technicians life easier too if they know I've beside other wise they're going to have to figure it all out and that is it expensive and frustrating because getting something to work is not as satisfying as putting something new on your boat alright so here's another example of what a typical topology looks like right you've got you know instrument an autopilot a VHF and a is transponder enemy 2000 all on a bus and then that bus is talking also to char plotters and then you have a switch which talks char plotter chartplotter sounder radar and on some boats you'll have two radars right you'll have two Sounders some boats we did a boat powerboat they had six seven sharp laughter's all right it just starts adding and then you've got cameras that come in there so you could also start having IP cameras that can come in these devices notice this transducer is connected to the back of this sounder box very important to know where's my transducer connected on my boat does it go to a black box does it go to an instrument or does it go directly to in MFD a device that have a black box capability built into it right because if it comes to the black if it comes right to your display that's easy to troubleshoot right you start seeing the settings a lot of times what happens is an owner goes in the settings playing with the sounder changes the transducer type stops working then we go in there we reach ange it the way it used to be starts working but maybe the black box died you know there was a bad batch of black boxes now from one manufacturer shall name on shall name nameless for a period of time and the black boxes would just die they stopped working so we'd have to find the black box get it get it a refurbished one and you one change the black box and now the transducer would work or if your network completely goes down why does nothing talk to one another oh well maybe the switch went out maybe the power to the switch right now that's would be the only thing that would explain that this device this device this device and this device don't see one another how could all devices what's the single point of failure right are the networks which win down on bigger boats you have multiple network switches and on top of it what's interesting is nowadays what they tried is they make it easy now they'll have some of these devices will have three network ports built-in so some devices are actually a switch built into them to make connective it easy so you can have it displayed in your house have a radar connected to it another chart plotter right beside and have the sounder connected to the back of it no switch needed they're trying to make it easy but you have to draw it out any questions on a generic kind of nav system that you could encounter in a boat alright we're powering through everyone we're good we're good here all right remember rule number one nothing's ever easy is that's what it looks like you got to be okay with it and notice the power to write power is a big issue for troubleshooting here's an example and I decided to bring this in because this is a typical Raymarine had a huge market chair in the past and this is a C Series II series right this is a good example of a network that I find on boats all the time I mean anybody's show of hands anybody room here with sri marine c series or a series on board one two three four five six yeah pretty common I had on my boat they had a huge market chair big OEM base right installed at the factory actually not a bad product line not a bad product I really liked it so you got your chart plotter you could have multiple right you know they had a C 70 C 80 C 120 and then they did an EI de 120 challenge for upgrading was and it's not their fault that's the world that was built back then this chart plotter is connected directly to a radar via an analog wire right like multiple strands today's today's radars are actually digital meaning they have Ethernet and separate power but if you have a typical network system like this on your boat when you change the chart plotter you actually change the radar because there's no more analog radar connectivity so that's a big challenge you literally have to change not only the de radar the cable right so you decide to change its sharp lauder you're changing the radar and the cable and by the way this is nice everything's closed but on your boat changing a radar cable if you have it on the mast on your sailboat welcome to a world of pain writing a radar cable from the masts down to your chart plotter up in the binnacle on a sailboat is not a two-hour task if you do that you will be seriously disappointed with your time management skills it takes a long time to route a cable from a mass to a binnacle on a sailboat but that's the pain you have because at the end of the day back then it was non digital you'll notice sea talk instruments this is what I have on my boat right all here this is common right you had the digital sounder module that's that DSM module that black box that converts a transducer to a video image that other devices could see so you would literally have and notice here the radar is connected directly to a chart plotter not to the switch right on modern stuff that's connected to the switch now this one is actually if it doesn't if this is on there's no radar here in here and notice also how that screen is bigger than the other ones why because back then they would make master slaves right remote cameras you could even do I had PC based navigation you could actually have it was called Ray marine navigation system 6.0 where I had my laptop being a replication of this in the cockpit not in the cockpit but in the nav station so the reality is this there is no generic playbook to solve an electronic problem because an electronic problem is specific to the equipment that you have onboard and it's specific in the sense of the topology changes depending not only on the manufacturer but the generation of the equipment if this if you've got a Raymarine see classic system it's not the same as having a Raymarine current system you're going to be looking at the problem completely differently because they're not networked the same okay this is an example of a Garmin system more modern and you'll notice there's no switch on here right the garment is directly connected to chart plotter another chart plotter directly connected to their notice the transducer goes right into here then shares that information up here and then over enemy a2000 all this information is chair so that's a common setup you know like we do a lot of power boats lower house upper helm will put a chart plotter with a built-in tread sounder device called the XS V down below and that's what that is XS V right here we'll plug the transducer into here the network cable up there there and then a network cable from here up to there now if this device is off there's no sounder here or if this is off there's no radar there right so there's you know you gotta balance it but it's all about balancing money time right all those are variables remember perfection is very hard to achieve and expensive notice there's a camera coming in they have built-in decoders now but once you want more cameras you need a separate decoder and then you feel it as a video image they can do a couple of cameras I think but some boats they want four so they want eight so that's how you would go you want to have your layout think about your layout what is connected to what how is it communicating this is communicate via ethernet right and then power is the big one right make sure there's actually power of the device but worrying about a break in a cable to be honest it's such an outlier it's so rare so rare unless of course and I always ask the question you know I got someone that's got a radar arch has anybody been drilling in your radar arch recently right like you don't know canvas guy no okay yes oh really Oh interesting somebody was working up on your Bimini beside your radar arch they were mounting stuff sure enough one boat went right through a cable drilled create a short okay that's easy right spec's expensive to fix but you know what I can live with that because at least we didn't look around too long to fix it right to find out what the problem was any questions on this is probably a very vanilla standard auto not all about navigation system on a boat between anywhere between probably 25 to 50 feet any questions on what that looks like or how you would go about troubleshooting this any comments feedbacks does that make sense you got basically Ethernet here enemy 2000 over there so this is just simply an extension of what we talked about notice how there's an AIS 600 here right that's pretty easy and they're just showing one antennas but you can have multiple GPS antennas on this now here's where it yeah go ahead of course that's that's that's called pain that's a lot of pain has a lot of pain yeah it's funny you know it's a weird world yeah you just paying you go slowly map it out it's like a flashlight imagine yourself in a very very dark room you just have a laser pointer and you're like oh now I got two connectors they're home wonder where those are put them on a diagram question mark question mark next time you open something else you see oh that's there question mark erase with eraser now that that you can I mean unless you really want and that's hard especially on the smaller boats you don't have space a lot of this stuff is so packed in there you know like you buy a 35-foot or boathouse I'm not sure what your size is but I one point you get you get so much information and you go down these bundles and you have no idea right like even on a 50-foot boat sailboat they're small to power boats is different then you start having a little bit more space but I work on you know grainy white sir ocean or Boston whalers they're 30 feet they have as much stuff as their 45 foot trawler they're just a smaller boat but everything's on that boat and then the wiring is really tight because you can't see anything and then behind panels but you start mapping taking pictures you know I like it sometimes I meet these owners and we're going through their system together we do this sir is called an electrical orientation it's not electrical audit it's sort of like I don't know anything on my boat I'm not worried that it's not safe but can you tell me how it all plays together and I got this one owner once he had his iPad and he's seeing pictures of everything and then he's drawing with a PDF rider on top what everything is he's like well we don't know what that is and I'm like I don't know I've never seen that before but that has a question mark that's a blank you got a wonder every time you're looking through that I wonder what that does and then you start having these open-ended questions that don't have an answer but eventually will you'll never be able to answer it all at once you couldn't even it would be even to delegate that tasks to someone would be not days it would be a full like it's an expedition it'd be like stay on my vote and when you're done maybe at the end of the summer we'll talk I mean you couldn't it would take forever so you just start slowly but what you do as an owner is every time you tackle something or you have someone tackle something start documenting be curious any other questions on this all right it gets worse and this is not even that big starting but it's not that bad it looks bad but it's not crazy right it gets you know it gets bad but again you got a that's where at one point when you're starting that level you know when we get to that level what you definitely need documentation otherwise you are literally gonna make your life complete health but same thing you know you've got read/write for any to me mm here you've got all these multi-touch boxes right but they're talking Ethernet right they don't even actually sell they used to not even sell their own hubs or switches you would just put a third-party switching through no wood didn't make any later on a marketing company you just don't bother with stuff like that they're like just buy a switch it's gonna work right and so you would actually just buy a switch you can see they've got a black box a is transponder and fa-50 heading sensor really popular right if your radar doesn't work you're going to be able well why is my radar overlay not working but my radar works on the radar page Oh probably in your heading sensor failed this is a device you know if you got junction boxes it's a way of aggregating all this information translating that information from you might have some some devices there most devices will do the translation between enemy a 2002 Ethernet to share to other devices on the chart plotter itself right they're gonna actually go okay I've got all this information like for example a really cool one is Vesper they're actually the one I was talking about the AIS they'll actually take all information be it zero one eight three enemy in two thousand they're gonna aggravate it and then they're gonna take it and then if you want you can actually see on your phone it's a portal to not only things that are AIS but all data on your boat like depth wind speed speed on ground course on ground sea tab whatever it is sort of data and you're seeing all this data right on your phone so it's a portal to all your navigational or kind of data you're not going to see a radar image you're not going to see a chart plotter but you're gonna see data on there all right we're gonna take a small break and then we're going to dive into electrical troubleshooting all right
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