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hi youtubers jeff cote here  With electrical there is no good enough ever it's one of those things where if you don't do it properly you shouldn't be doing it and there's nothing wrong nothing wrong with actually not doing a perfect crime. But not accepting perfection is not possible a lot of negatives here what I guess what I should say is every time you you should always be extremely satisfied with whatever you do and be demanding of what you do when working on a logical because things can have a very serious domino effect and that's what I'm gonna try to highlight through the presentation. So basically what I'm trying to say there is that. On a boat. Safeties everything it's not a house you can't really run away from a boat. I don't think you can just jump in the water the water here is not 75 degrees all year round he jumped at 55 degree water it's pretty serious. And so on a boat you want to prevent fires not have to deal with them when it happens. You gotta remember there's big differences between Latin. Land electrical codes and marine electrical codes so think about that whatever your wiring whatever expertise you had in working on your home or your cottage just think maybe you want to read up a little bit about how things are different they're similar but different. These are sort of examples of things that we see out with you know do it yourself installations. We saw that actually last year. On the left here you've got a smart plug. And I actually believe or not as an engineer that this. An engineer at a pretty repeatable club. An engineer who still works an engineer who has enough disposable income to know better. And the engineer had this predisposition I'm an engineer to. To just be satisfied with making it work get it done. Do it. And all those types of adages are if anyone ever said that in when I was hiring they would be like almost escorted I mean I would even finish the interview there is no get it done there's none of that electrically that order actually did not wire the neutral as you can see the white wire was trying to be Gen they didn't jam in and the whole ball was actually running on the hot in the ground. And he left it like that and it's already called us the next day. He was just going through a lot of Zinke's. So. That's someone that should know better right I mean he has a rating he's smart I mean he has to be at some point. But he did that right that's the opposite of what you want. Here's another person this is a cigarette lighter. I look what they did. Hello this is a hard right can be bothered you know can't see it just want to get it done and so they push the connector but you can actually see the spade connector the insulation is between part of it out you don't want to have happen now but if some cigarette lighters are on 15 M. 30 M. breakers. Some people write inverters offer those bright little getting tired verder for convenience happens all the time right I don't want to be bothered by buying an inverter I'm not gonna pay someone install 1 I was a kid in dire side inverter I got it put it on board now you're drawn 2030 Abse magic drawing 30 apps off of that connection. Nope not for long. So basically with the port I'm not it's not fear mongering but it kind it is is that electrical there's just it's like if you deal with that account and you don't want to deal with an accounting that moves decimal points left and right and says well what's the big deal I mean it's still the same numbers of numbers I just move the decimal 2 places to the right or to the left you can't be an accountant and not be absolutely crazy about doing everything absolutely right and with electrical it's exactly the same thing. And on top of it. If you do a bad cramps these are the sort of things that you can actually start experiencing and the worst is not when something doesn't work because that's pretty obvious right and those are the easy things to troubleshoot you do something it's not working you'll keep doing it until it works the bigger problems that we see out in the field is people do something it works but what they don't understand is it's working right now within the current situation that they're doing like they might have done the connection for example on the cigarette outlet cigarette lighter outlet and it works for one that but as soon as they loaded up the more it's going to be a problem so working and not working is kind of shades of grey it really depends is it stress tested did you do a good crap when really there for the Chargers running at full throttle it's one thing to have a charger plugged in and DO flow charging it's only outputting maybe a nap half an apple but what happens when the charger goes to full throttle 40 apps is the connection that you did for that charger going to be able to handle 40 ounce and that's really important. This is sort of stuff I mean it's it's inexcusable for example the 4 on the right that someone would actually be satisfied and they're actually noticed they're taking the time to Greece this connection. Right I mean somebody laugh but it's kinda it's it's it's it's almost a point not being funny but if you're gonna do a connection. You can't walk away I mean it's fine to screw up and not making the wire short enough and Gareth they're going to show you how to make sure that the wireless is proper but you can't do that and expect it. You've got to redo it do it again you know cut the wire cut it the proper length and you want to have that level of desire to do things right. So we've we've often seen situations where you can have a bad connection then under high loads. It's not just gonna stop working. Because it's a high resistive connection under high current it's actually going to start making things so hot that I've seen breakers melts like large big breakers melt and it'll just melt the breaker there on their melting breakers beside it. Right. So. You can actually cause a fire through resistance right that's what it is I mean you're you're pushing all this current and then all that current can go through and so it's getting harder and is it is harder it's more resistive in this vicious cycle and it dominoes to the point where something plasticky around there is going to catch on fire because it's not all met metal. The other thing that's also is very scary about that is. I don't think that because you have a breaker somewhere in the circuit that if you've got a bad connection the breakers going to trip. Right we see that all the time which shore power connections shore power connections are the most prevalent form for both fires by far. And remember there's a 30 amp breaker probably on the boat or 50 yeah there's one on the on the pedestal there's a breaker on either side. Right and these both are catching on fire through a bad connection right early in the winter when the heaters are running and none of the breakers are gonna trip. So a bad connection. Is not going to be saved by having a thermal breaker at either end or fumes. As a matter of current through it is still within normal operating range is now the connection is not able to handle 20 ounce or 30 apps or 50 apps that's what that's going to cause a fire. Another example. If you choose not to use insulated terminals. Just put it on your list that you should going to revisit those terminals sooner rather than later. And here's an example of a wire that nearly fell off a fuse holder. Right. If they would have it use an insulated terminal as we're gonna be showing here in the demo it's very unlikely that would happen. So what's the formula for success you know if you're out there and I remember being an engineer working on my own boat. All that the tools are out there to do the right thing because a lot of people sharing knowledge and educating and warning people to succeed at doing electrical on their votes. The first thing you want to make sure is that you basically this is. And this is something we ought we do ourselves at P. Y. **** you always want to make sure use very large. N. and what that means is you're not gonna use bare copper wiring forget having solid strand I mean that's just crazy I'm talking about welding wire and all that other things that looks really expensive and it's so tempting to buy don't do it just don't do it because a welder. Does not put is cable in a boat and pull it through and think that he's not he's gonna leave that cable there for 30 years or 40 years a welder doesn't have pride in his cables and save himself G. baby I bought those cables 20 years ago I'm really going to keep them forever their disposable items there wear and tear that's why they're called welding cable it's they last for a year they get worn they throw them away they buy a new one on a boat you want something the last not 5 years 10 years 15 years 20 years you want it to last for a very long time I thought my boat for 11 years and I can't imagine revisiting something I did 10 years ago I kept my list of things I need to worry about that I haven't worked on is super long. So I don't want to go back into something I did 10 years ago because I decided to cheap out and by welding cable because it was a fraction of marine 10 cable. Also make sure that you don't fall prey to buying really inexpensive terminals that are on 10 or marine quality numbering automotive quality because again as per what I was showing the other image you saw how sometimes overtime there's corrosion and literally the wires are going to actually either break off through corrosion or the connection is gonna be so bad and so corroded that you're gonna lose lots of voltage on that connection. Right and I've seen it since we're under load you might be losing a vote 2 bolts and that's a tremendous amount of power loss for really no reason right you should be losing very were running most of us are running on 12 volts maybe some 24 a few 32 but you can't afford to lose of all because of a bad connection you just can't. If you're doing a larger terminals and we're gonna be talking about that but we're not doing them you know you want to make sure you all see use I. D. supply to being so that you can heat shrink it down so you can make sure that the luggage properly completely insulated in the wiring is not going to be exposed to the environment you want to make sure that the larger earlier that the heat shrink it's 2 inches that's what the code says 2 inches I see people by heat shrink and then they want to save on he trick so then instead of making 2 inches they make it half a centimeter right they're thinking well I'll have more but then that's a really bad. It's gonna be because remember the cable might move and this glue is not perfect so the more area you cover the less chance there is of having a break in the insulation into the heat shrink and once that's done as the cables are used are you pretty current in and out of them the cables warm up and something warm up and cool down it has a wicking effect and that we can affect pulls moisture in and out of the cable so on older boats will find corrosion 2 feet 3 feet in the wired deep it's not just corroding at the terminal and then if you've got 2 feet of corrosion the wire and the wire was just run for what you need you cut it and now you get to where you want short then what. Then you have to rewrite a new wire. Right so the idea is to make sure you use the proper heat shrink so that you do the terminal your flight and you never look at it again. You want a proper tools that we're gonna be talking about the tools we've got a bunch here and then also the technique and that's where basically ultimately you know practice makes perfect. But that being said if you're just really hard on yourself as you're doing them and just accepting perfection eventually you'll get better and better at it and then you'll have less and less loss. And the old adage is you know you got to have the pull test right you can't accept you like well this gonna break I'm not gonna pull I don't think I did a good one you know I mean I don't wanna have to reuse another terminal so I'm just going to hope that this works but I don't want you can actually pull really hard on a terminal really hard like 20 pounds 30 pounds like really try to get it off there to make sure that you did a really good connection because you'd be surprised how many times at the beginning you're gonna have not cryptography or strong enough and that terminal is going to come off the water. This would be. Samples of things that can happen this is a grounding on the left AC believe it or not. Hanging mid air grab. That would not be good. Here's an octopus but the octopus but Scott what 6 of them mid air notice you're using terminal he drank they bought terminal he drink which are very expensive. But they didn't apply any heat to the turmoil he trick. And that believe it or not is extremely common. What we do audits I do about 300 M. A. year I'd say on about at least half of the both I get on they have huge ring terminals. That are actually not shrunk down so they bought something that is 10 times the price of an automotive terminal but they didn't take the single step that apply heat to actually make sure the connection is properly sealed. So these are the sort of different advantages and by the way we're gonna have all this on my own on our website as a PDF so if you've got questions are you want to look at this material later all of this is these are. All the reasons why you should consider a marine wire. They're all really good reasons probably one of the most shocking things I've ever seen in my life. Electrically speaking I was on about 44 foot boat they had a one. Well the wire throughout the boat and that's what they used to do by the way this is not builders used to do this they don't understand what they were doing so they just did it because it was a good cost saving. And there is well they wire running really nicely along the Balkan engine room. Very nice. And. Above the. The wire was Eric our fuel filter. Add the rake or fuel filter leak which is not crazy I mean it happens and it's a diesel so it's not a big deal. But the draft of the race car landed on top of the installation of a welding wire. Now. This is insane by the way but when I came on board. All the jacket of the welding wire was gone for a foot. On both wires a positive and negative that were right beside each other going right to the battery others use right because it's a starter application. There's no more insulation it's a go. Where they go because the diesel melted the jacket off the welding work because a welding wire is in the marine corps thank you you can't you can't have it both ways right you pay for what you get for and if you don't pay that's fine but then make sure if you have welding on your boat that you never have that welded wire coming contact with fuel or or else because it will disintegrate and legally melt the jacket off on the wire and then the problem is if that wire touches it's part of a bundle likely there the boat the wires were not bundle they were legally nicely rotten. Along the wall individually right like they used to do all those Taiwanese trawlers in the seventies and eighties it would take the time to run them individually a lot of the ball cap but a lot of both now they run them in bundles right so if they were a bundles they would have shorted and then the boat when it caught on fire and then that's it. So make sure that if you do have all the wiring your vote and I'm not so you're gonna have to replace it but take steps to prevent it from being a problem. This is another example no it is this is a 20 amp breaker. And you can tell the gaze of the wiring is about a gauge 8 wire. But they couldn't fit a gauge didn't probably have eternal for gauging wire. Because it's pretty hard to get. And so they use the log from at 1012 size and they really couldn't be bothered to fit all the wire strands in them so they nicked them all. Right. And they got to win. Right I they were like this is pretty good the rest of the wires going to carry it right like I mean it's all connected right. And they were complaining of their fridge was run only when the batteries were full. And that it was really ought only a doc when the voltage was 135 under flow chart but as soon as they bring the voltage down to 12 for the fridge with stop working you can imagine. The ex. That was too good to be true right like I did make this by the way this is real. So the other thing I want to emphasize before we have Gareth and Eric do that is that if you're gonna do a job make sure you always have the right part for the right job right and. What that means is the boat order is if you're gonna do work on the fly while you're out cruising or whatever make yourself a little kit you know I've done that for some orders I have that on my boat you know you buy you go to home depot and you get like almost like a tackle box right and you get yourself different sized terminals spade you know for reading all different gauges so that when it comes time to do a job and you're putting a water pump on your voter you're doing whatever you're putting a cigarette lighter you're putting I don't know down rigger like something that you're gonna do yourself. You're not doing something to just make it work and promising yourself that you'll come back to it later. Because ultimately that gets forgotten and then you move on to something else and then you end up doing something where you're compromising. Right the electrical on your boat so if you have all the right pieces it's gonna make it easy to fix a water pump you know a water pump dice you gotta change it out again make sure you have all different size but connectors right or you know a spade connector or for worrying have different ring sizes right so you need like if you're going to really do this you need probably 30 different type of connectors you don't need all of them in terms of massive quantities but maybe have 5 of each and then when the job comes you've got the right part for the right words. Really big fat in our shop we only use heat shrink. If you're gonna use nylon there definitely easier to cramp but make sure you buy a really good one that doesn't actually split like summer really really cheap and if you credit them they actually split right open so make sure that whatever terminals you use you inspected afterwards and if it was really too good to be true in terms of a price and you really got an amazing deal and it was so good just really worried that you basically. Dense compromise on the quality of the connector. Yeah this is a bad AC neutral on a boat on the right hand side. This is an AC outlet. That birds because of a loose connection. Both of them. These are different things you got to look for when you're doing a piece of lying to me I always color code everything I think it's a good idea. These are example of bad cramps. Yeah but the wire actually melts. And the breaker doesn't trip. Jeremy it's to be honest as the admiral that smell the first. I never really said bad sense of smell. They just do women are there's just more acute sense of smell and surely it's always and the guys I don't really smell it there is no I think I could smell burning. Right and Jerry that's all it is my wife smell something I don't and I'm like all my god. Shut the AC turned on the batteries and then I re route someone to go down and this is what you end up finding. Yeah. So these are different type of wire strippers we have a bunch in the back. These are different type of clippers you should have probably one of each of the one on the right hand side is really good for insulated. And then you have the double crib ratchet tool that's really good for the nylon. And I guess when Gareth Eric show you basically you've got to choose what type of connector you gonna have right. You got to remove the right amount of insulation and if you screwed up cut the wire again we do the right amount of insulation you don't want to make sure you don't have too little not too much right you need the right amount. Make sure all the strands go in right so that's gonna show that make sure you have the right terminal for the right tool for the terminal. Trim the right amount if it's a ratchet prep it's pretty easy because it actually tells you when it's the right about if it's just a simple crimper you gotta. Assess that over time as you because you'll do not enough you'll pull it away you do too much you'll actually break the terminal so you gotta be able and remember the most important thing is to do the pull test. You should always test every connection that you do on a wire. And I guess what I'm trying to highlight there is that. You have to be detail oriented so if it's not something you're really good at well you know something to work at but care about the details because a panel or your connections should look something like that right and if it doesn't it's fine most of us my vote was certainly a lot like that when I got my boat but strive for that you know over time shoot for that and then that makes it really that easy for troubleshooting. You know when you're gonna be out of decisions out of Gulf islands and it's not even about calling a technician it might be another boaters beside you and the other voters kind of knowledgeable but if it looks like a rats nest it's going to be really hard for that person to a invest themselves for hours on your boat to figure out the rat's **** and figure out what's wrong if it looks like that and there's a schematic and everything's labeled everything it's inspiring because now the job looks like it's only gonna be half an hour to help you out not an afternoon so it makes it easy for other people to help you when they come in and they come on your boat and everything's clean and organized because then you can clearly see where things are good where things are bad or things are misplaced right chaos is natural order isn't saving when engines right they say cleanliness is godliness on an engine right Nigel's that's one of his expression Nigel Calder I believe it right because then you see oil if you're and if your engine is covered in dust something if there's a leak you're not going to notice it but if it's spotless and then you start seeing few legal he's he's starting to shine then you've got a gas week you'll be like oh why is it Charlie there we should have a sheen others a diesel leak all my injectors are leaking I didn't right you're gonna catch stuff much easier sitting with electrical. All right so we're gonna. Go to see the guys but we're gonna go over to Gareth and Eric and they're gonna show us how they're doing proper crimps. Quarter of an inch to the initial thing so if you put that inside. You're gonna have that paddock bought expose these are hatred ones so it would cover that but ideally you want that to be a little bit shorter so still sticking out almost the same amount as was there in the the current part so. But cut that back down a little bit more. Press trust in my shadow and punch them not so much because if you. If you turn it so much and you're trying to get in here you're gonna get your strands fanning out and when you take a train down though if you do it too hot that actually come through hatred so. Skip the NASA say that on there it's pushing out. Yes yeah like cramps on the yellow.. There's a double come visit we talked about before. Saturday's as some like cheaper come visit is basically punch it down by your split that split the housing of it and get corrosion from that going say. Then just little gas storage if you got a gasoline but obviously don't use one of these in your gym. Dan how directly on because you know the the shaving. All that is necessary yeah yeah he comes fine yeah yeah. So that one there that's a how not to do it it's got a got a couple of strands of come out. 7 take 2 on the Sundays Roland 0 percent say. I think too that one of the side. Very important to follow the color codes choose your wire strongly advise you to either go farther afield or order online at there's really no in my opinion no room to not have color coded wiring above I understand the limitations I live my books on secret code in such records I don't have everything on the sunshine coast but if I'm gonna work on a project you know I have wires are both black and yellow or yellow red and yellow and that if I don't have it I'm not gonna do it. So again the code is there to make your life easier and for someone else to knock themselves and all water as a safety thing to you know you guys have to be kidding you could require that's carrying one twenties existing and someone comes along things around it's actually not you know yeah right so. Okay well it's not gonna pulled out right. For heating the heating the heating and expanding that that joint is going to have a lot of heat coming through there and then the couple's gonna gradually Siva and you. Have some of those connections I did before that'll drop out directly from there Beijing may hold it in there as well but you're gonna get hate chances of 5 basically sign a got a different check that you're stripping and putting it on. Have sort of a sixteenth. Showing of the cop us so you can see that you've got it directly and then. You can even say on the end of these if the cop is sticking out to the plastic and then get you come any other one. The full connectors here we try to stay away from them because same thing you hate. These can loosen and fall out where's your ring terminal some people it's in a hard to reach spots. Senate down on many sites. All the time. Or. More than 19 is that what that and that's definitely an art I've that's turning into that but you're cutting down the surface here there that the average is going through as well so it's not designed for that and yeah definitely under that if access is 10 gauge cable. This is adding to 22 gauge thing some people would cut that down to 3 or 4 strains to to put in the same as the icy. 1 that was there before and yeah you're trying to draw of 1520 amps 33 strands that's going to be I hate. Possibly because of 5 that's not a drop out and. Different kinds of things we don't have any of the uninsulated Crum said but. Same deal with the inside ones you strip it back the creek lane. And services 8 string but that either before you do you like from your current dad on slide that right back I have a. Up to the same point as what it is all nice and and hatred nice and evenly I've done in the Haitians outs but Sipe and all of its integrity of the hatred itself you're different why strippers 5 days runs automatically just come down to the size of cable you have but if you have some of the other tops don't try and strip a chain gauge wireless size I train as I know that because you. Damage the coals inside and of seeing the same thing correct 8.